Ошибка p2197 ford

Код ошибки P2197 звучит как «сигнал датчика кислорода O₂ застрял в положении слишком бедная смесь (Банк 2, Датчик 1)». Часто, в программах, работающих со сканером OBD-2, название может иметь английское написание «O2 Sensor Signal Stuck Lean (Bank 2, Sensor 1)».

Код OBD-II P2197 является общим кодом силового агрегата. Который определяется всеми автопроизводителями как «заедание сигнала датчика O₂ в положении богатой смеси (Банк 2, Датчик 1)». Где Банк 2 относится к группе цилиндров, которая не содержит цилиндр № 1.

Во время нормальной работы датчик O₂ реагирует на изменения содержания кислорода в выхлопном потоке.  В зависимости от типа датчика, он фиксирует изменения либо сигнального напряжения, либо электрического сопротивления. Которые PCM использует для поддержания соотношения воздух-топливо как можно ближе к идеальному соотношению 14,7:1.

Полностью работоспособный датчик кислорода не может генерировать напряжение сигнала или сопротивление, которое не изменяется. Типичный диапазон напряжения сигнала варьируется от 0,1 вольт до 0,9 вольт.

При этом значение 0,45 вольт представляет собой среднюю точку, в которой топливно-воздушная смесь максимально приближена к идеальному соотношению 14,7:1.

Таким образом, весьма маловероятно, что соотношение воздух-топливо в смеси будет оставаться постоянным в течение значительного периода времени. Поэтому, когда PCM обнаруживает отсутствие изменений в сигнальном напряжении или сопротивлении датчика. Устанавливается код P2197 и загорается сигнальная лампа.

Симптомы неисправности

Основным симптомом появления ошибки P2197 для водителя является подсветка MIL (индикатор неисправности). Также его называют Check engine или просто «горит чек».

Также они могут проявляться как:

1. Загорится контрольная лампа «Check engine» на панели управления (код будет записан в память ECM как неисправность).
2. Плавающие обороты, а также попытки заглохнуть на холостом ходу.
3. Двигатель глохнет либо плохо заводится.
4. Снижение мощности двигателя.
5. Повышенный расход топлива.
6. Черный дым из выхлопной трубы.
7. Симптомы могут отсутствовать, кроме сохраненного кода неисправности.

Степень серьезности кода неисправности P2197 варьируется от средней до высокой. Но если не устранять его в течении длительного времени, возможен выход из строя катализатора.

Причины возникновения ошибки

Код P2197 может означать, что произошла одна или несколько следующих проблем:

• Неисправность датчика кислорода O₂ или его нагревателя.
• Обрыв или короткое замыкание в проводке.
• Проблема с давлением топлива либо с топливной форсункой.
• Утечки всасываемого воздуха или вакуума в двигателе.
• Неисправность датчика массового расхода воздуха (MAF).
• Неисправность датчика, а также регулятора давления топлива.
• Иногда причиной является неисправный модуль PCM.

Как устранить или сбросить код неисправности P2197

Некоторые предлагаемые шаги для устранения неполадок и исправления кода ошибки P2197:

1. Осмотрите проводку и разъемы.
2. Визуально проверьте вакуумные линии.
3. Проведите испытание давления топлива.
4. Протестируйте датчики на предмет выхода из строя. При необходимости замените.
5. Сделайте тест модуля PCM, при необходимости, замените его.

Диагностика и решение проблем

Начиная диагностику неисправности P2197 осмотрите проводку и разъемы, ведущие к датчику, проверьте нет ли потертостей, оплавления, при необходимости отремонтируйте. Визуально проверьте вакуумные линии. Если установлено, что проблема связана с утечкой вакуума, было бы разумно заменить все вакуумные линии.

Снимите датчик кислорода O₂ с автомобиля и осмотрите его на предмет наличия нагара, повреждений или отложений. Обратите внимание, что загрязненные или поврежденные кислородные датчики нельзя очистить или отремонтировать.

При замене датчика убедитесь, что вся проводка подключена правильно, проложена вдали от горячих компонентов выхлопной системы. Надежно закрепите, чтобы предотвратить трение или истирание о другие компоненты.

Очистите код неисправности P2197 и проведите тест драйв, чтобы проверить, вернется ли код снова, что очень маловероятно. Однако, если он все же возвращается, вполне вероятно, что замененный датчик также неисправен либо неисправны схемы мониторинга в PCM.

Проверьте актуальные бюллетени технического обслуживания (TSB) для вашего автомобиля. В некоторых случаях PCM может быть откалиброван, и проблема будет решена.

На каких автомобилях чаще встречается данная проблема

Проблема с кодом P2197 может встречаться на различных машинах, но всегда есть статистика, на каких марках эта ошибка присутствует чаще. Вот список некоторых из них:

• Ford (Форд Мустанг, Таурус, Фристар, Экспедишн, Эксплорер, Эскейп, F-150)
• Lexus (Лексус es350, is250, rx350)
• Lincoln
• Mazda (Мазда Трибьют)
• Mercedes (Мерседес Вито, Спринтер)
• Toyota (Тойота Авенсис, Камри, Ленд Крузер, Прадо, Тундра)

С кодом неисправности Р2197 иногда можно встретить и другие ошибки. Наиболее часто встречаются следующие: P0051, P0153, P0156, P0171, P0172, P0174, P0175, P0356, P2195, P2196, P2198, C1201.

Видео

OBD-II Trouble Code Technical Description

O2 A/F Sensor Signal Biased/Stuck Lean (Bank 2 Sensor 1)

What does that mean?

This code is a generic powertrain code. It is considered generic because it applies to all makes and models of vehicles (1996-newer), although specific repair steps may be slightly different depending on the model.

On some vehicles, such as Toyotas, this is actually referring to A/F sensors, Air/Fuel ratio sensors. Which are basically more sensitive versions of oxygen sensors.

The powertrain control module (PCM) monitors the air/fuel ratio of the exhaust using oxygen (O2) sensors, and tries to keep things at the normal air/fuel ratio of 14.7:1 via the fuel system. The oxygen A/F sensor outputs a voltage reading that the PCM uses. This DTC is set when the air/fuel ratio as read by the PCM is lean (too much oxygen in the mixture) and has strayed so far from 14.7:1 that the PCM can no longer correct it.

This code specifically refers to the sensor between the engine and catalytic converter (not the one behind it). Bank #2 is the side of the engine that does not contain cylinder #1.

Note: This DTC is very similar to P2195, P2196, P2198. If you have multiple DTC codes, always fix them in the order they appear.

Symptoms

For this DTC, the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) will illuminate. There may be other symtoms.

Causes

Potential causes of a P2197 code include:

• Oxygen (O2) or A/F ratio sensor or sensor heater malfunction
• Open or short in O2 sensor circuit (wiring, harness)
• Fuel pressure or fuel injector problem
• Faulty PCM
• Intake air or engine vacuum leaks
• Faulty fuel injector(s)
• Fuel pressure too high or too low
• PCV system leak/fault
• A/F sensor relay faulty
• MAF sensor malfunction
• ECT sensor malfunction
• Fuel pressure too low
• Fuel leak
• Air suction in air intake system

Diagnostic Steps & Possible Solutions

Use a scan tool to get readings from the sensor, and monitor the short and long term fuel trim values and O2 sensor or Air Fuel Ratio sensor readings. Also, look at the freeze frame data to see the conditions at the time the code was set. That should help determine if the O2 AF sensor is operating correctly. Compare with manufacturers values.

If you don’t have access to a scan tool, you could use a multimeter and back-probe the terminals on the O2 sensor wiring connector. Check for shorts to ground, short to power, open circuits, etc. Compare specs with manufacturers specifications.

Visually inspect the wiring & connectors leading to the sensor, check for loose connectors, wires rubbed/chaffed, melted wires, etc. Repair as necessary.

Visually inspect vacuum lines. You can also test for vacuum leaks using propane or carburetor cleaner along the hoses while the engine is running, if the RPMs change you likely found the leak. Be very careful if doing that, and have a fire extinguisher within reach in case something goes wrong. For example, on a bunch of Ford vehicles, the hose that goes from the PCV to the throttle body can melt causing P2195, P2197, P0171, and/or P0174 codes. If a vacuum leak is determined to be the problem, it would be prudent to replace all vacuum lines if they are getting older, becoming brittle, etc.

Use a digital volt ohm meter (DVOM) to check other sensors mentioned such as MAF, IAT, for proper operation.

Perform a fuel pressure test, verify readings against manufacturers specification.

If you’re on a budget and you only have an engine with more than one bank and the problem is only with one bank, you could swap the sensor from one bank to the other, clear the code, and see if the code is followed to the other bank. That would tell you it is the sensor/heater itself that’s failed.

Check for outstanding technical service bulletins (TSB) for your vehicle, in some cases the PCM can be recalibrated to fix this (not a common fix though). TSBs could also call for replacement of the sensor.

When replacing oxygen / AF sensors, be sure to use a high quality ones. In many cases non-OEM sensors are of lesser quality and will not perform correctly. We strongly recommend you stick with OEM brand replacements.

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P2197 is a general DTC code that indicates that the signal coming from your Ford Explorer’s first O2 sensor on the bank two side of the engine is stuck giving off a lean signal.  The voltage reading from a normal oxygen sensor should look something like a heartbeat, whereas with P2197 the voltage looks like a low voltage flatline).

P2197 is not a manufacturer specific code, which means it has the same basic meaning for any vehicle.  It is most typically caused by a bad O2 sensor, but there can A LOT of issues that can cause this code.  You will need to know how to find bank 2, which you can do by clicking here.

Ford Explorer P2197 Symptoms

The symptoms associated with P2197 can be varied.  Often, the check engine light will be the only symptom.

• Check engine light
• Rough running engine
• Misfire
• Hard/Rough start
• Difficulty idling

P2197 Common Causes

• Oxygen Sensor– The B2S1 oxygen sensor could be bad, or the wiring going to/from it could have issues.  The wiring that goes to all of the O2 sensors is some of the most error prone on any vehicle, including the Ford Explorer.  It gets more exposure to the elements and heat, which can lead to an open/short situation.
• Bad Sensor– The PCM relies on the MAF, ECT, A/F sensors to help it adjust the air/fuel ratio.  When they go bad, it may force the air/fuel mixture to lean out, which in turn can throw P2197.
• Vacuum Leak– A vacuum leak allows UNMETERED air to enter into the combustion chamber, changing the air/fuel mixture.
• Fuel System– A bad fuel injector or the wrong fuel pressure can cause P2197.
• Exhaust Leak– An exhaust leak allows the exhaust to exit somewhere other than the tailpipes.  If there is too much exhaust that is allowed to leave, it’ll show up as a lean condition.

P2197 Diagnosis:  Ford Explorer

Here are some diagnostic steps that you can use to diagnose this code from home.

Capture the Short/Long Term Fuel Trim Values

If you happen to have access to a scan tool, you can use it to capture the short and long term fuel trim values.  You’ll need to make sure that the engine is warmed up before you do this.  

Doing this will help you determine if the O2 sensor is operating within spec without having to do any looking under the hood.  

While this isn’t a skill most DIY mechanics have, the concept is simple, and you can learn enough to use fuel trim to your advantage by watching this 11 minute video (it’s worth it). 

Swap Test

Since your Explorer has a V6, V8, or V10 engine, there are two banks (one for each head), which means you can do the swap test to determine if the bank 2 sensor 1 oxygen sensor is bad.  You just swap the bank 1 and bank 2 oxygens sensors.  Here’s what you do:

1. Clear the codes with your scanner.
2. Swap the Bank 2 Sensor 1 O2 sensor with the Bank 1 Sensor 1.  It’ll be on or right after the exhaust manifold.
3. Run the engine until the check engine light comes back on. 
4. If the code changes to P2195 (which indicates the O2 sensor on Bank 1 is stuck lean), that is enough proof that you need a new O2 sensor.
5. If the code remains P2197, you’ll need to continue pursuing your diagnosis, knowing that both O2 sensors are working fine.

Check the O2 Sensor Harness

You can use a multimeter to check for any short or open circuits at the wiring harness.  A quick visual inspection can often tell you if there is something wrong, but not in the way the use of a multimeter will.

Vacuum Leaks

Often a worn or brittle vacuum line will allow unmetered air into the engine.  When this happens, it creates a lean condition.

You can test for a vacuum leak around the vacuum lines and the intake manifold.  A common method is to spray carb cleaner around the intake/vacuum lines.  When the spot is found the engine will rev higher with no throttle input.

Obviously, carb cleaner is super flammable.  So be CAREFUL.  Make sure you have a form of fire suppression available to you.

Fuel Issues

Since you your Explorer has an engine with 2 banks (not an inline engine) and you’re getting P2197 without getting P2195, it could mean that an injector has gone bad. If there was a fuel pressure issue, you’d likely get P2195.  

Further Testing

If you’ve looked over all of the items listed above, and you still haven’t diagnosed P2197 in your vehicle, don’t give up.

• Take a look at the MAF and IAT sensors.  They could be telling the engine the wrong amount of air is entering the combustion chamber.
• Check to see if there are any TSB’s for your engine and model year.

P2197 Explorer Conclusion:  Usually the O2 Sensor

P2197 can be caused by a lot of issues, you’ll more than likely be replacing an oxygen sensor though.  Good luck diagnosing your vehicle!