Ошибка 4104 sql

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If you get an error telling you that the “The multi-part identifier could not be bound.”, it usually means that you’re prefixing one or more columns with either a table that isn’t included in your query, or an alias that you haven’t actually assigned to a table.

Fortunately, the error message shows you which multi-part identifier is causing the problem.

Example

Here’s an example to demonstrate how to get the error.

SELECT * FROM Cats
INNER JOIN Dogs d
ON c.CatName = d.DogName;

Result:

Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 3
The multi-part identifier "c.CatName" could not be bound.

In this example, I forget to include an alias for the Cats table.

The error will also occur if you try to reference the table name after you’ve already provided an alias.

Like this:

SELECT * FROM Cats c
INNER JOIN Dogs d
ON Cats.CatName = d.DogName;

Result:

Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 3
The multi-part identifier "Cats.CatName" could not be bound.

So in this case, I correctly assigned the alias, but in the ON clause I referenced the actual table name instead of the alias.

The Solution

So the solution is to ensure you’ve assigned all aliases that you might reference later in the query, and also to make sure you use those aliases instead of the table name directly.

So if you’re going to use aliases, like this:

SELECT * FROM Cats c
INNER JOIN Dogs d
ON c.CatName = d.DogName;

Or if you choose not to use aliases, like this:

SELECT * FROM Cats
INNER JOIN Dogs
ON Cats.CatName = Dogs.DogName;

I continually get these errors when I try to update tables based on another table. I end up rewriting the query, change the order of joins, change some groupings and then it eventually works, but I just don’t quite get it.

What is a ‘multi-part identifier’?
When is a ‘multi-part identifier’ not able to be bound?
What is it being bound to anyway?
In what cases will this error occur?
What are the best ways to prevent it?

The specific error from SQL Server 2005 is:

The multi-part identifier «…» could not be bound.

Here is an example:

SELECT * FROM [MainDB].[dbo].[Company] 
WHERE [MainDB].[dbo].[Company].[CompanyName] = 'StackOverflow'

The actual error:

Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 2 The multi-part identifier
«MainDB.dbo.Company.CompanyName» could not be bound.

asked Oct 15, 2008 at 21:21

Even Mien's user avatar

Even MienEven Mien

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A multipart identifier is any description of a field or table that contains multiple parts — for instance MyTable.SomeRow — if it can’t be bound that means there’s something wrong with it — either you’ve got a simple typo, or a confusion between table and column. It can also be caused by using reserved words in your table or field names and not surrounding them with [].
It can also be caused by not including all of the required columns in the target table.

Something like redgate sql prompt is brilliant for avoiding having to manually type these (it even auto-completes joins based on foreign keys), but isn’t free. SQL server 2008 supports intellisense out of the box, although it isn’t quite as complete as the redgate version.

Sha's user avatar

answered Oct 15, 2008 at 21:48

Whisk's user avatar

WhiskWhisk

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2

Actually sometimes when you are updating one table from another table’s data, I think one of the common issues that cause this error, is when you use your table abbreviations incorrectly or when they are not needed. The correct statement is below:

Update Table1
Set SomeField = t2.SomeFieldValue 
From Table1 t1 
Inner Join Table2 as t2
    On t1.ID = t2.ID

Notice that SomeField column from Table1 doesn’t have the t1 qualifier as t1.SomeField but is just SomeField.

If one tries to update it by specifying t1.SomeField the statement will return the multi-part error that you have noticed.

ΩmegaMan's user avatar

ΩmegaMan

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answered Jun 20, 2011 at 15:58

amadelle's user avatar

amadelleamadelle

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4

It’s probably a typo. Look for the places in your code where you call [schema].[TableName] (basically anywhere you reference a field) and make sure everything is spelled correctly.

Personally, I try to avoid this by using aliases for all my tables. It helps tremendously when you can shorten a long table name to an acronym of it’s description (i.e. WorkOrderParts -> WOP), and also makes your query more readable.

Edit: As an added bonus, you’ll save TONS of keystrokes when all you have to type is a three or four-letter alias vs. the schema, table, and field names all together.

answered Oct 15, 2008 at 21:57

Lieutenant Frost's user avatar

Binding = your textual representation of a specific column gets mapped to a physical column in some table, in some database, on some server.

Multipart identifier could be: MyDatabase.dbo.MyTable. If you get any of these identifiers wrong, then you have a multipart identifier that cannot be mapped.

The best way to avoid it is to write the query right the first time, or use a plugin for management studio that provides intellisense and thus help you out by avoiding typos.

answered Oct 15, 2008 at 21:29

Mark S. Rasmussen's user avatar

0

I found that I get these a lot when I try to abbreviate, such as:

Table1 t1, Table2 t2 
where t1.ID = t2.ID

Changing it to:

Table1, Table2 
where Table1.ID = Table2.ID

Makes the query work and not throw the error.

ElderMael's user avatar

ElderMael

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answered May 26, 2011 at 17:59

jo-mso's user avatar

jo-msojo-mso

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0

You probably have a typo. For instance, if you have a table named Customer in a database named Sales, you could refer to it as Sales..Customer (although it is better to refer to it including the owner name (dbo is the default owner) like Sales.dbo.Customer.

If you typed Sales…Customer, you might have gotten the message you got.

answered Oct 15, 2008 at 21:51

HLGEM's user avatar

HLGEMHLGEM

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If you are sure that it is not a typo spelling-wise, perhaps it is a typo case-wise.

What collation are you using? Check it.

answered Oct 15, 2008 at 22:02

Pittsburgh DBA's user avatar

Pittsburgh DBAPittsburgh DBA

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When updating tables make sure you do not reference the field your updating via the alias.

I just had the error with the following code

update [page] 
set p.pagestatusid = 1
from [page] p
join seed s on s.seedid = p.seedid
where s.providercode = 'agd'
and p.pagestatusid = 0

I had to remove the alias reference in the set statement so it reads like this

update [page] 
set pagestatusid = 1
from [page] p
join seed s on s.seedid = p.seedid
where s.providercode = 'agd'
and p.pagestatusid = 0

answered Jun 20, 2012 at 0:48

Upio's user avatar

Adding table alias in front Set field causes this problem in my case.

Right

Update Table1
Set SomeField = t2.SomeFieldValue 
From Table1 t1 
Inner Join Table2 as t2
    On t1.ID = t2.ID

Wrong

Update Table1
Set t1.SomeField = t2.SomeFieldValue 
From Table1 t1 
Inner Join Table2 as t2
    On t1.ID = t2.ID

Ramil Aliyev 007's user avatar

answered Nov 22, 2018 at 22:56

Malhaar Punjabi's user avatar

I had this issue and it turned out to be an incorrect table alias. Correcting this resolved the issue.

answered Dec 15, 2011 at 14:35

Matthew Setter's user avatar

Matthew SetterMatthew Setter

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Mine was putting the schema on the table Alias by mistake:

SELECT * FROM schema.CustomerOrders co
WHERE schema.co.ID = 1  -- oops!

answered Feb 15, 2013 at 20:14

unnknown's user avatar

unnknownunnknown

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I had P.PayeeName AS 'Payer' --,
and the two comment lines threw this error

answered Jun 26, 2017 at 17:19

Andrew Day's user avatar

Andrew DayAndrew Day

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I actually forgot to join the table to the others that’s why i got the error

Supposed to be this way:

  CREATE VIEW reserved_passangers AS
  SELECT dbo.Passenger.PassName, dbo.Passenger.Address1, dbo.Passenger.Phone
  FROM dbo.Passenger, dbo.Reservation, dbo.Flight
  WHERE (dbo.Passenger.PassNum = dbo.Reservation.PassNum) and
  (dbo.Reservation.Flightdate = 'January 15 2004' and Flight.FlightNum =562)

And not this way:

  CREATE VIEW reserved_passangers AS
  SELECT dbo.Passenger.PassName, dbo.Passenger.Address1, dbo.Passenger.Phone
  FROM dbo.Passenger, dbo.Reservation
  WHERE (dbo.Passenger.PassNum = dbo.Reservation.PassNum) and
  (dbo.Reservation.Flightdate = 'January 15 2004' and Flight.FlightNum = 562)

answered Sep 4, 2017 at 23:17

MT_Shikomba's user avatar

Error Code

FROM                
    dbo.Category C LEFT OUTER JOIN           
    dbo.SubCategory SC ON C.categoryID = SC.CategoryID AND C.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN          
    dbo.Module M ON SC.subCategoryID = M.subCategoryID AND SC.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN          
    dbo.SubModule SM ON M.ModuleID = SM.ModuleID AND M.IsActive = 'True' AND SM.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN 
    dbo.trainer ON dbo.trainer.TopicID =dbo.SubModule.subModuleID 

Solution Code

 FROM                
    dbo.Category C LEFT OUTER JOIN           
    dbo.SubCategory SC ON C.categoryID = SC.CategoryID AND C.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN          
    dbo.Module M ON SC.subCategoryID = M.subCategoryID AND SC.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN          
    dbo.SubModule SM ON M.ModuleID = SM.ModuleID AND M.IsActive = 'True' AND SM.IsActive = 'True' LEFT OUTER JOIN 
    dbo.trainer ON dbo.trainer.TopicID = SM.subModuleID 

as you can see, in error code, dbo.SubModule is already defined as SM, but I am using dbo.SubModule in next line, hence there was an error.
use declared name instead of actual name. Problem solved.

answered Jan 17, 2018 at 6:33

Onkar Vidhate's user avatar

My best advise when having the error is to use [] braquets to sorround table names, the abbreviation of tables causes sometimes errors, (sometime table abbreviations just work fine…weird)

answered Mar 9, 2018 at 19:40

ramnz's user avatar

ramnzramnz

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I was getting this error and just could not see where the problem was. I double checked all of my aliases and syntax and nothing looked out of place. The query was similar to ones I write all the time.

I decided to just re-write the query (I originally had copied it from a report .rdl file) below, over again, and it ran fine. Looking at the queries now, they look the same to me, but my re-written one works.

Just wanted to say that it might be worth a shot if nothing else works.

answered Feb 5, 2019 at 14:52

clamum's user avatar

clamumclamum

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When you type the FROM table those errors will disappear.
Type FROM below what your typing then Intellisense will work and multi-part identifier will work.

I faced this problem and solved it but there is a difference between your and mine code. In spite of I think you can understand what is «the multi-part identifier could not be bound»

When I used this code

 select * from tbTest where email = sakira@gmail.com

I faced Multi-part identifier problem

but when I use single quotation for email address It solved

 select * from tbTest where email = 'sakira@gmail.com'

answered Feb 11, 2020 at 5:34

Neloy Sarothi's user avatar

I had exactly the same issue, and similar to your coding I had missed out the FROM field, once it is added, the query knows what table to read the data from

answered Jun 9, 2021 at 9:19

TheRealJenius's user avatar

Mine worked after removing square brackets in a SUBSTRING method. I changed from

SUBSTRING([dbo.table].[column],15,2)

to

SUBSTRING(dbo.table.column,15,2)

answered Jul 7, 2021 at 19:46

abovetempo's user avatar

abovetempoabovetempo

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CTRL+SHIFT+R (refreshing the Intellisense) took care of it for me.

answered Jun 21, 2022 at 14:36

John's user avatar

JohnJohn

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I was using an alias but that alias I was not using in select

It is important to use an alias when data is coming from another database and use that alias with your select statement with fields

Example
Database_Name.dbo.Table_Name as Alias_Name with(NOLOCK)
ON
Join Condition

in Select Statement Alias_Name.Columns_Name

answered Apr 28 at 7:58

Mahipal Thakur's user avatar

Home > SQL Server Error Messages > Msg 4104 — The multi-part identifier could not be bound.

SQL Server Error Messages — Msg 4104 — The multi-part identifier could not be bound.

SQL Server Error Messages — Msg 4104

Error Message

Server: Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The multi-part identifier could not be bound.

Causes

This error usually occurs when an alias is used when referencing a column in a SELECT statement and the alias used is not defined anywhere in the FROM clause of the SELECT statement.

To illustrate, given the following table structure:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Employee] (
    [EmployeeID]        INT
    [FullName]          VARCHAR(100),
    [ManagerID]         INT
)

The following SELECT statement will generate the error:

SELECT [Manager].[FullName] AS [ManagerName], [Emp].[EmployeeID], [Emp].[FullName]
FROM [dbo].[Employee] [Emp] INNER JOIN [dbo].[Employee] [Mgr]
ON [Emp].[ManagerID] = [Mgr].[EmployeeID]

Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The multi-part identifier "Manager.FullName" could not be bound.

The error is encountered because there is no [Manager] table or alias defined in the FROM clause.

Another way of getting the error is when an alias has been assigned to a table referenced in the FROM clause of a statement and the table is used as a prefix of a column instead of using the alias. To illustrate, here’s another way of getting the error:

SELECT [Employee].[EmployeeID], [Emp].[FullName]
FROM [dbo].[Employee] [Emp]

Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The multi-part identifier "Employee.EmployeeID" could not be bound.

Since an alias has already been used for the [dbo].[Employee] table, the alias, in this case [Emp], should be used instead of the table name when used as a prefix in the column names.

The error can also happen not just as part of the column list in the SELECT statement but can also happen when the referenced column is in the JOIN clause, WHERE clause or the ORDER BY clause.

-- As part of the JOIN clause
SELECT [Mgr].[FullName] AS [ManagerName], [Emp].[EmployeeID], [Emp].[FullName]
FROM [dbo].[Employee] [Emp] INNER JOIN [dbo].[Employee] [Mgr]
ON [Emp].[ManagerID] = [Manager].[EmployeeID]

-- As part of the ORDER BY clause
SELECT [Mgr].[FullName] AS [ManagerName], [Emp].[EmployeeID], [Emp].[FullName]
FROM [dbo].[Employee] [Emp] INNER JOIN [dbo].[Employee] [Mgr]
ON [Emp].[ManagerID] = [Mgr].[EmployeeID]
ORDER BY [Manager].[FullName]

Solution / Workaround:

This error can easily be avoided by making sure that the table or alias used when qualifying columns in the SELECT statement matches one of the tables or aliases specified in the FROM clause.

In the first scenario, simply change the incorrect alias used in the SELECT statement. Changing the [Manager] prefix, which doesn’t exist in the FROM clause, to [Mgr] will solve the issue:

SELECT [Mgr].[FullName] AS [ManagerName], [Emp].[EmployeeID], [Emp].[FullName]
FROM [dbo].[Employee] [Emp] INNER JOIN [dbo].[Employee] [Mgr]
ON [Emp].[ManagerID] = [Mgr].[EmployeeID]

In the second scenario, since an alias has already been assigned to the table, use that alias instead of the table when prefixing columns from then on. Changing the [Employee] table prefix to the [Emp] alias will solve the issue:

SELECT [Emp].[EmployeeID], [Emp].[FullName]
FROM [dbo].[Employee] [Emp]
Related Articles :
  • Remove From My Forums
  • Question

  • Hello,

    I am trying to create an XML file from the following query

    Select Product_Group_Name, Rental_Group_Name, Product_Name, Component_Name, Model_Number
    From Product_Component as PComponent, Product
    Inner Join Product_Group On Product_Group.Product_Group_Code = Product.Product_Group_Code
    Inner Join Rental_Group On Rental_Group.Rental_Group_Number = Product.Rental_Group_Number
    Inner Join Component On Component.Component_Code = PComponent.Component_Code
    for xml auto, root('Lime_Products'), type

     however it produces this error: Msg 4104, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 The multi-part identifier «PComponent.Component_Code» could not be bound.

    Whenever I remove the third join it works fine but does not return the results that I am looking for. I even tried swapping the product component in the from statement and use the component instead but it returns the same error.

    This is what I am trying to achieve: 
    Product Group Name
       Rental Group Name
         Product Name
           Component Name, Model Number

    I cannot leave out the third join between the product_component and component table because a component can fall only under a specific product. Please note that the product component table uses a composite key which is made up of the product code and component code, not sure if this is an issue.

    Thanks

    Millette

    • Edited by

      Wednesday, July 29, 2009 7:17 PM

Answers

  • Here is your query, reformatted

    SELECT		Product_Group_Name,
    		Rental_Group_Name,
    		Product_Name,
    		Component_Name,
    		Model_Number
    FROM		Product_Component AS PComponent
    CROSS JOIN	Product
    INNER JOIN	Product_Group ON Product_Group.Product_Group_Code = Product.Product_Group_Code
    INNER JOIN	Rental_Group ON Rental_Group.Rental_Group_Number = Product.Rental_Group_Number
    INNER JOIN	Component ON Component.Component_Code = PComponent.Component_Code
    FOR XML		AUTO,
    		ROOT('Lime_Products'),
    		TYPE

    There is no correlation with Product table.

    • Marked as answer by
      Millette
      Thursday, July 30, 2009 11:29 AM

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