405 ошибка flask

Example of a flask app using wsgi with JQuery, Ajax and json:

activecalls.py

from flask import Flask, jsonify

application = Flask(__name__, static_url_path='')

@application.route('/')
def activecalls():
    return application.send_static_file('activecalls/active_calls_map.html')

@application.route('/_getData', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def getData():
    #hit the data, package it, put it into json.
    #ajax would have to hit this every so often to get latest data.
    arr = {}
    arr["blah"] = []
    arr["blah"].append("stuff");

    return jsonify(response=arr)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    application.run()

Javascript json, /static/activecalls/active_calls_map.html:

<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js">
</script>

<script>
$.ajax({
    //url : "http://dev.consumerunited.com/wsgi/activecalls.py/_getData",
    url : "activecalls.py/_getData",
    type: "POST",
    data : formData,
    datatype : "jsonp",
    success: function(data, textStatus, jqXHR)
    {
        //data - response from server
         alert("'" + data.response.blah + "'");
    },
    error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown)
    {
         alert("error: " + errorThrown);

    }
});
</script>

When you run this. The alert box prints: «stuff».

Table of content

1. Introduction
2. Understanding the 405 method not allowed error
3. Causes of the error in Flask
4. Best practices to avoid the error
5. Example 1: Using the redirect() function correctly
6. Example 2: Implementing the POST-Redirect-GET pattern
7. Common mistakes to avoid
8. Conclusion

Introduction

When using Flask, you may encounter the 405 Method Not Allowed error when attempting to redirect within a post route. This error occurs when you try to access a URL using a method that is not allowed for that endpoint. This can happen when you try to use the GET method instead of the POST method or vice versa.

The solution to this problem is to use the redirect(url_for()) method provided by Flask to redirect the user to the desired URL using the appropriate method. This method takes the URL of the desired endpoint as an argument and returns a redirect response object that will cause the browser to initiate a new request to the specified URL using the appropriate method.

In the following sections, we will provide examples that demonstrate how to use the redirect(url_for()) method to avoid the 405 Method Not Allowed error in Flask when redirecting within a post route.

Understanding the 405 method not allowed error

The 405 method not allowed error is a common issue encountered by Flask developers when redirecting within a post route. This error is triggered when an HTTP request is made with an unsupported method for the endpoint. For example, if a route is set up to accept only POST requests, and a GET request is made to that endpoint, Flask will return a 405 error.

This error can be especially frustrating when it occurs during a redirect within a post route, as the root cause may not be immediately apparent. When a post request is sent to a Flask route, the browser will typically redirect to another route using a GET request. If this redirect is not configured to handle both post and get requests, Flask will respond with the 405 error.

To avoid the 405 method not allowed error when redirecting within a post route, it is important to configure the target route to handle both post and get requests. This can be done using the «methods» parameter in the app route decorator. By including «POST» and «GET» in this parameter, Flask will allow requests of both types to access the route.

In summary, the 405 method not allowed error is triggered when Flask receives an HTTP request with an unsupported method for the endpoint. When redirecting within a post route, it is important to configure the target route to handle both post and get requests to avoid this error. By including «POST» and «GET» in the methods parameter of the app route decorator, Flask will permit requests of both types to access the route.

Causes of the error in Flask

The 405 method not allowed error in Flask can occur when a client tries to perform an HTTP operation that is not supported by a Flask route. This error is typically caused by one of two issues. Firstly, the issue can arise when a client uses a method that is not supported by a Flask route. For example, a client may send a POST request to a route that only supports GET requests. Secondly, the error can occur when a client submits a form that does not include a CSRF token. CSRF tokens are used to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks and are required by Flask-WTF forms.

To be more specific, the error can occur when a client submits a form using the POST method, but the Flask route only supports the GET method. This is because Flask distinguishes between GET and POST requests and requires that routes be explicitly defined for each method. Additionally, the error can occur when a client submits a form that does not include a valid CSRF token. Flask-WTF forms use CSRF tokens to protect against cross-site request forgery attacks, and if a form is submitted without a valid token, Flask will return a 405 method not allowed error.

In summary, the 405 method not allowed error in Flask can occur when a client uses an unsupported HTTP method or submits a form without a valid CSRF token. To avoid this error, Flask developers should ensure that their routes support the correct HTTP methods and that their forms include a valid CSRF token.

Best practices to avoid the error

When working with Flask and redirecting within a post route, it’s crucial to understand best practices to avoid the 405 method not allowed error. Here are a few tips to keep in mind:

1. Use the correct method in the route definition: When defining a route, make sure to use the correct method (e.g. GET, POST) to match the intended functionality. This helps Flask understand what type of request it’s receiving and how to handle it.

2. Use the redirect function: When redirecting within a post route, use Flask’s redirect function instead of returning a template directly. This helps ensure that the correct method is used for the subsequent request, avoiding the 405 error.

3. Include a hidden field in your form: When submitting a form via a post request, include a hidden field that indicates the intended method for the subsequent request. This helps the server understand what type of request to expect and how to handle it.

By following these best practices, you can help avoid common errors and ensure that your Flask applications function smoothly and reliably.

Example 1: Using the redirect() function correctly

To avoid the 405 method not allowed error in Flask, one effective method is to use the redirect() function correctly. This function allows you to redirect the user to a different URL, which can be helpful for performing additional actions or displaying a different page after a successful post request.

Here’s an example of how to use the redirect() function within a post route:

@app.route('/submit_form', methods=['POST'])
def submit_form():
    # code for handling form submissions
    return redirect(url_for('success'))

In this example, the submit_form() function is called when the user submits a form using the POST method. After handling the form submission, the function calls the redirect() function with the url_for() method to redirect the user to the success() function.

Note that it’s important to specify the methods parameter when defining the route for submit_form(), and set it to ‘POST’. This ensures that the route only accepts POST requests, and not other types of requests that can trigger the 405 error.

By using the redirect() function correctly in this way, you can avoid the 405 method not allowed error and ensure that your Flask application runs smoothly.

Example 2: Implementing the POST-Redirect-GET pattern

To further illustrate how to avoid the 405 method not allowed error in Flask when redirecting within a post route, let’s examine how to implement the POST-Redirect-GET pattern in Example 2.

The POST-Redirect-GET pattern is a design pattern that is commonly used in web applications to prevent duplicate form submissions when refreshing a page or using the back button. In Flask, this pattern can be implemented by redirecting the user to a different route after processing a POST request.

Let’s assume we have a form that allows users to submit a comment on a blog post. Here’s an example of how we can implement the POST-Redirect-GET pattern:

from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')

@app.route('/post', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def post():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        comment = request.form['comment']
        # Do something with the comment, such as saving it to a database
        return redirect(url_for('post'))
    else:
        return render_template('post.html')

In this example, we first define a route for the home page (/) and a route for the blog post page (/post). The /post route accepts both GET and POST requests.

When a user submits the form on the /post page, we check if the request method is POST. If it is, we process the comment and then redirect the user back to the same page using redirect(url_for('post')). This causes the browser to send a GET request to the /post route, effectively implementing the POST-Redirect-GET pattern.

If the request method is not POST (i.e., it’s a GET request), we simply render the post.html template.

By implementing the POST-Redirect-GET pattern, we ensure that the comment is only processed once and that users don’t accidentally resubmit the form by refreshing the page or using the back button. It’s a simple and effective way to avoid the 405 method not allowed error in Flask when redirecting within a post route.

Common mistakes to avoid

When working with Flask, it’s common to run into the 405 Method Not Allowed Error when redirecting within a POST route. This error occurs when a user attempts to use a request method that is not allowed by the server. However, there are common mistakes that can be avoided to prevent this error from occurring.

One common mistake is using the wrong HTTP method when submitting a form. For example, if a form is created with the method="post" attribute, but the corresponding Flask route uses the @app.route decorator with the GET method, this will result in a 405 Method Not Allowed Error.

Another mistake is using the wrong URL for a redirect. The URL specified for the redirect should match the URL that corresponds to the desired Flask view function. If the URL is incorrect, Flask will not be able to find the correct view function and a 405 Method Not Allowed Error will occur.

A third mistake is not including the correct CSRF token in the form submission. Flask uses a CSRF protection mechanism to prevent cross-site request forgery attacks. If the CSRF token is not included in the form submission, Flask will not be able to verify that the POST request came from an authorized source, and a 405 Method Not Allowed Error will occur.

By keeping these common mistakes in mind and taking proper precautions when redirecting within a POST route, Flask developers can avoid the 405 Method Not Allowed Error and ensure the smooth operation of their application.

Conclusion

:

In , the 405 method not allowed error can be a common issue when redirecting within a post route in Flask. However, there are several ways to avoid this error, such as using the correct HTTP method for the redirect, creating a separate route for the redirect, or using the redirect() method with the correct URL and HTTP method specified. Additionally, it is important to understand the HTTP request/response cycle and the role that methods such as GET and POST play in this cycle, as well as how Flask handles these methods. By following best practices and understanding these concepts, you can avoid the 405 method not allowed error and ensure that your Flask applications run smoothly and efficiently.

I keep getting this error when trying to insert some simple text into a db.

Method Not Allowed
The method is not allowed for the requested URL."

I’m moving from PHP to python so bear with me here.

The code is:

from flask import Flask, request, session, g, redirect, url_for, \
    abort, render_template, flash

from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

app = Flask(__name__)
    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://root:password@localhost/pythontest'
    db = SQLAlchemy(app)
    app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/justadded/')
def justadded():
    cur = g.db.execute('select TerminalError, TerminalSolution from Submissions order by id desc')
    entries = [dict(title=row[0], text=row[1]) for row in cur.fetchall()]
    return render_template('view_all.html', entries=entries)

@app.route('/new', methods= "POST")
def newsolution():
    if not request.method == 'POST':
        abort(401)
    g.db.execute('INSERT INTO Submissions (TerminalError, TerminalSolution, VALUES (?, ?)'
                [request.form['TerminalError'], request.form['TerminalSolution']])
    g.db.commit()
    flash('Succesful')
    return redirect(url_for('justadded'))




@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')

@app.route('/viewall/')
def viewall():
    return render_template('view_all.html')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

And the html code for the form is:

    <form action="/new" method="POST">
        <input name="TerminalError" id="searchbar" type="text"         placeholder="Paste Terminal error here...">
        <input name="TerminalSolution" id="searchbar" type="text" placeholder="Paste Terminal solution here...">
        <button type="submit" id="search" class="btn btn-primary">Contribute</button>
        </form>